Category: Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in one or both ovaries in a women’s reproductive system. These cells multiply out of control forming a tumour and if left untreated, the tumour can metastasise to other parts of the body. Being the most lethal gynaecological malignancy, ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of…

An ovary is a reproductive gland part of the female reproductive system that is responsible for producing oocytes and the hormones estrogen and progesterone. An ovum is released from the ovary each month with the intention of meeting sperm in the fallopian tube, traveling to the uterus, and implanting for pregnancy. According to the American…

An effective screening method for detection of early-stage ovarian cancer requires a specificity of at least 99.6%, sensitivity of at least 75% and a positive predictive value of at least 10% (Clarke-Pearson DL, 2009). Because of the requirement to have high specificity in order to be considered as a screening tool in the general population,…

Introduction Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 9th most common cancer and the 9th most common cause of cancer-related death in women, with an overall 5-year survival of approximately 40%. In 2018, 295,414 new cases of OC were documented worldwide, 184,799 of which resulted in death (1). High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common…

Introduction The advancements in NGS technologies and the emergence of Omics field has led to the development of various approaches in studying cancer. The common approaches to identify molecular mechanisms in cancer include scanning the genome for cancer-specific mutations, exploring differential expression of mRNA through transcriptomics or that of protein through proteomics [Chakraborty S et…

Common facts about the organ and symptoms Ovaries are an integral organ in the female reproductive system in which ultrasound plays an outstanding role in diagnosing and differentiating many ovarian pathologies. The main function of the ovary is to release a mature oocyte every 28 days and to secrete oestrogen and progesterone for maintaining the…

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the important causes of death within gynecological tumors in the western world, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 30% in advanced-stage disease(152). About 10-15% of all OC patients report a positive family history of the disease and can be included as “familial ovarian cancer (FOC).(11,12) FOC patients were…

It is usually not possible to know the exact reason why one person develops cancer and others do not. However, studies have examined the reasoning for why certain risk factors may increase or decrease a person’s chances of developing cancer. A few important reasons such as a person’s lifestyle behaviors, environmental and dietary factors, and…

Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is impeded by the absence of symptoms in the early stage hence the disease presents with a high mortality rate. Since the discovery of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) to the development of multivariate assays (Ova1, ROMA, Overa) that have increased specificity and sensitivity, there has been considerable progress…