African and Haitian Heritage and Health Beliefs

Cultural Group: African American

A Brief History

the race initially emerged in Africa.
ethnicities and societies developed continuously.
African Americans were transported to America.
racial discrimination largely shaped the group.
African Americans represent a distinctive social group.

Values and Worldview

worldview determined by the cultural legacy.
the uniqueness of being African American (Brittian Loyd & Williams, 2017).
appreciation of African cultural identity.
perception of itself as an oppressed group.
struggle for equal social and political rights.

Language and Communication Patterns

assimilation with the English language.
continuous transformation of the language.
a significant impact of ethnic languages.
development of a unique language.
the use of ebonics within the group.

Art and Other Expressive Forms

numerous African Americans influenced culture (Hall, 2014).
the emergence of jazz and related sub-genres.
creation of the soul, blues, and R’n’B.
the development of rap culture.
impact of the mentioned genres on the music..

Norms and Rules

the majority of rules are implicit.
relationships based on these rules.
the importance of implicit norms.
social behavior determined by collective responsibility.
the significance of the group’s opinion.

Lifestyle Characteristics

historically, slavery largely determined lifestyle.
racial prejudice continued to shape lifestyle.
low-skilled jobs and poor income.
the inability to get an education.
nowadays, lifestyle is average.

Relationship Patterns and Common Rituals

the importance of familial relationships.
women traditionally care for children.
common rituals are related to church.
attendance of church events and gatherings.
community services provided by churches.

The Degree of Assimilation or Marginalization from Mainstream Society

historically, the group was marginalized.
the movement for equal rights.
discrimination and racial prejudice in the 20th century.
currently, open discrimination is eliminated.
assimilation process is not completed.

Health Behaviors and Practices

insufficient access to healthcare services.
low levels of health education.
prevalence of unhealthy behavior patterns.
the impact of traditional medicine.
distrust of the official medicine.

Socio-Cultural Group: Haitian Heritage

A Brief History

the confluence of indigenous and European cultures.
a colonial state for a long time.
the impact of slavery persisted.
revolution of 1804 as a turning point.
the immense influence of indigenous legacy (Christian & Herbert, 2016).

Values and Worldview

relative isolation after gaining independence.
development of unique cultural beliefs.
pride of the first Black-ruled country.
African culture’s moderate yet distinct impact.
spirituality is highly valued among Haitians.

Language and Communication Patterns

the development of language is complicated.
the French language was prevalently spoke.
the “Kreyol” language was developed.
recently, English also gained importance.
Haitian group influenced by several languages.

Art and Other Expressive Forms

the richest tradition in dance and music (Henry, 2015).
dance as the culture’s integral part.
graphic arts are largely appreciated.
traditional decorations and handicrafts are widespread.
literature works written in French.

Norms and Rules

social stratification has a large impact.
the distinction between classes is evident.
skin color as a marker of social stratification.
patriarchy as the social basis.
etiquette rules are diversified and strict.

Lifestyle Characteristics

children are early engaged to work.
population’s majority is rural people.
any education is valued high.
carnivals and festivals are traditional.
familial relationships shape the society.

Relationship Patterns and Common Rituals

marriage as a cornerstone of the society.
family forms a domestic unit.
equal inheritance by men and women.
festivals and carnivals as social events.
the role of religion is values.

The Degree of Assimilation or Marginalization from Mainstream Society

historically, Haiti was a colonial state.
the indigenous population was marginalized.
the situation changes after the 1804 revolution.
a period of cultural isolation.
currently, society is largely assimilated.

Health Behaviors and Practices

numerous serious diseases are widespread.
HIV, STDs, malaria, tuberculosis, intestinal parasites.
the access to healthcare is significantly low.
indigenous medicine is highly developed.
population vastly rely on informal medicine.

Two Groups

Comparison and Contrast

groups have similar cultural origins.
historical development possesses similar traits.
groups are marginalized to some extent.
African Americans rely more on official medicine.
Haitians are less culturally assimilated.

Differential Approaches

consider the low health education.
respect for culturally determined traditions.
educational work in the community.
promotion of safe health practices.
using the culturally sensitive approach (Streets, Wolford, & Nicolas, 2015).

References

Brittian Loyd, A., & Williams, B. V. (2017). The potential for youth programs to promote African American youth’s development of ethnic and racial identity. Child Development Perspectives, 11(1), 29-38.

Christian, C., & Herbert, B. (2016). Perceived socio-economic, socio-ecological and socio-cultural impacts of the Caribbean’s tourism sector. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 3(12), 166-182.

Hall, S. (2014). Cultural identity and diaspora. In Diaspora and visual culture (pp. 35-47). Routledge.

Henry, A. R. A. (2015). Cultural heritage and representation in Jamaica: Broaching the Digital Age. Web.

Streets, B. F., Wolford, K., & Nicolas, G. (2015). A Culturally Competent Immersion Protocol: Petit Goâve, Haiti. International Research and Review, 5(1), 1-24.

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